You believe that you will perform poorly in exams even if you study well. Which of the following statements is true about predictors of behavior? He is in a dilemma and is unable to choose the right course of action. How do voltage-gated ion channels orchestrate depolarization repolarization of an action potential? 2C (5/5): Mechanisms of Development (BIO), 1A (2/5): Protein Structure (BIO, BC, OC), 7C (3/3): Theories of Attitude and Behavior C, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Cultural Diversity and Violence Vocabulary. For years, she had spoken of leaving the business, hoping that the threat would _____ her father to seek a good replacement for her, but he never did. A male might believe in equality of the sexes but then consciously or unconsciously expect their female partner to do most of the household labor or childrearing. What type of heuristic are people using when they make this assumption? This underestimation of how long it will take to complete the task is called. Which of the following theories assures that our actions are self-revealing? According to dissonance theory, we would expect Linda to reduce her dissonance by _______ the chosen vehicle and ________ the unchosen vehicles. \text { Budget } City12345678910y=Budget$19.5million40.011.914.011.622.220.526.017.014.6x1=Attendance0.6million2.00.41.01.51.31.32.50.91.1x2=Acres210216701255580429112592x3=NumberofSpecies271400377277721400437759270260. Elijah gets exasperated and remarks that it always rains whenever he plans an outing. This is an example of the. This approach works by encouraging patients to say things or role-play behaviors that contradict their beliefs about food and body image. C. attribute negative outcomes to ourselves and positive outcome to others In the context of the dual attitude system, identify the type of attitudes that represent unconscious attitudes regarding. B. self-delusion What would the monthly payment be from United Bank? As such, there is no set of external signs that can reliably indicate a person is experiencing cognitive dissonance. If corporate profit taxes are imposed, the firms after-tax returns will be lower (and the higher A. self-presentation This outcome is best explained by ____________, Consistent with the social facilitation effect, Michaels and his colleagues found that when good pool players were observed, they did ________ than when they did not know they were being observed, The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring, Harris argued that 40-50% of the personality differences between siblings can be explained by, In the context of group size and conformity, Asch and other researchers found that there is more conformity with, Asch's conformity experiments showed that most people, Evolutionary psychology has been criticized for, Bill is a car salesman. For example, a 2019 study notes that dissonance-based interventions may be helpful for people with eating disorders. Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory the tax rate, the lower the after-tax returns). In his book A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, Festinger proposed that two ideas can be consonant or dissonant. it is best to work on specific situations. She decides to begin the task on Thursday as she estimates that the task will take her two days to complete, but the task will take her three days. In 1936, the news magazine Literary digest obtained the opinions of over two million American regarding the presidential candidates prior to the election. Some factors that can cause cognitive dissonance include: Another factor that can create cognitive dissonance is addiction. Joshua, who reacts aggressively if his team members criticize him, In the first half of a soccer match, Giorgia, the goal keeper of a soccer team, saves three goals. Jack works as a software engineer in a multinational company. In follow-up experiments to his initial study, Milgram made the learner's protests more compelling by having him complain of a heart condition, then scream and plead for release, and finally refuse to answer. Our sense of self is often influenced by how we imagine important people in our lives perceive us. Which of the following theories explain this insufficient justification effect. The inconsistency between what people believe and how they behave motivates them to . This is known as the, You are more likely to be satisfied with your selection of soda if you are presented with _________ options rather than if you are presented with _______ options, According to Myers' discussion on social comparison, people typically _________ the standards by which they evaluate their own attainments when they experience a ________ in affluence, status, or achievement. B. bubble It highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist. C. attitudes. The internal discomfort and tension of cognitive dissonance could contribute to stress or unhappiness. Find and interpret the p-value of a test of the null hypothesis that the population mean percentage change is 0 against a two-sided alternative. D. it requires conscious attention. She then continues to imagine that her friends possibly think that she is the most tidy in her group. According to the over justification effect, if Marcie wants to get him to quit playing, she should: Which of the following concerns regarding the interpretation of IAT results are FALSE? Some examples of cognitive dissonance include: Anyone can experience cognitive dissonance, and sometimes, it is unavoidable. Which of the following statements about mood and judgement is true? Question: Question 24 1 pts Which of the following statements about cognitive dissonance is true? In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates. C. implicit In the context of self-concept, this scenario exemplifies. A person might not want to engage in dissonant behavior, but addiction can make it feel physically and mentally difficult to bring their behavior into alignment with their values. 2. B. measure unconscious attitudes Cognitive dissonance occurs when a person holds two related but contradictory cognitions, or thoughts. We cannot sense how someone else is feeling my mirroring his or her facial expressions. Diener and Wallbom (1976) found that when research participants were instructed to stop working on a problem after a bell sounded, 71 percent continued working when left alone. In the context of self-serving bias, which of the following statements represents the concept of self-serving attributions? The bank mistakenly gave Imports Inc. credit for a $800 deposit made by China Imports. Consider the effect that corporate profit taxes have on investing. Review these math skills. Easier pairings (and faster responses) are taken to indicate stronger unconscious associations. The psychologist Leon Festinger came up with the concept in 1957. A. people who drank a cold drink liked the person they met better than people who drank a warm drink we form additional reasons for that decision or choice. You have been asked to evaluate single-employer plans after the establishment of the Health Benefit Guarantee Corporation. 2022. This can prompt people to adopt certain defense mechanisms when they have to confront it. Cognitive dissonance theory was formulated by. Although you have conducted a basic survey, the results of it are limited because your sample's: Charlie contributes money to every charity program in his community even if he does not have ample resources. Researchers rarely stop at one study; they usually follow up on findings with additional studies. Cognitive restructuring and its techniques. Terms in this set (121) 1.Attitudes include all of the following EXCEPT: A. affect. Just before they leave, it starts raining heavily. Identify the true statement about role playing studies. a set of norms that defines how people in a given social position ought to behave, tension that arises when one is simultaneously aware of two inconsistent cognitions, the tendency to seek information and media that agree with one's views and to avoid dissonant information, reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external justification is "insufficient", the theory that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we infer them much as would someone observing us - by looking at our behavior and the circumstances under which it occurs, the tendency of facial expressions to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness, the result of bribing people to do what they already like doing; they may then see their actions as externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing. C. galvanization Unable to find a vacant seat, the old man requests Ivan to vacate his seat. B. the fundamental attribution error B. self-fulfilling prophecy For example, a person who wishes to protect other people and who believes that the COVID-19 pandemic is real might wear a mask in public, The dissonance between two contradictory ideas, or between an idea and a behavior, creates discomfort. According to the overjustification effect, promising children a reward for doing what they already intrinsically enjoy will. The most effective way to resolve cognitive dissonance is for a person to ensure that their actions are consistent with their values, or vice versa. Psychology is the study of the mind, how it works, and how it might affect behavior. Which of the following statements is true of narcissists? People are prone to "impact bias" or _________ the enduring impact of emotion-causing events. It highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist. Why does a conflict erupt between the young woman and her husband when he buys the lion at such a low price? 9) Cognitive dissonance theory seeks to explain the correlated relationship between the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of attitudes. A. with an interdependent self, one's personal identity is established by individual traits and goals Zimbardo attributed the behavior of the subjects in his Stanford prison study to, Which statement is NOT true according to the research findings on expressions and attitudes. \end{array} & \begin{array}{c} The International Consortium for Quality Research on Dietary Sodium/Salt (TRUE) position statement on the use of 24-hour, spot, and short duration (<24 hours) timed urine collections to assess dietary sodium intake. \textbf{Item} & \textbf{Corporation} & \textbf{Corporation} \\ He fears that otherwise he may be labeled a miser. He is trying to sell a moderately expensive car to a client. \hline 1 & \$ 19.5 \text { million } & 0.6 \text { million } & 210 & 271 \\ Later, his career suffered a setback, and he became a mediocre player. At the end of the semester Jack believes even more strongly that all the people in Rob's fraternity are snobs. The following data have been reported for a sample of 101010 major U.S. zoological parks: x3=NumberCityy=Budgetx1=Attendancex2=AcresofSpecies1$19.5million0.6million210271240.02.0216400311.90.470377414.01.0125277511.61.555721622.21.380400720.51.342437826.02.591759917.00.91252701014.61.192260\begin{array}{ccccc} We tend to underestimate the situational determinants of others' behavior but not our own because we perceive others in a different manner than our own selves. It takes a village to raise a child \\ You receive more than one marriage proposal, and after deciding on who you wish to spend your life with, dissonance theory would predict that you would _______ the individual whose proposal you did accept. B. people who held a warm drink in their hand liked the person they met better and were more likely to say they would recommend him for a job than people who held a cold drink As an example of the liberating effects of group influence, _____ percent of the participants in a variation of Milgram's study conformed to the confederate's behavior when the confederates defied the experimenter. identify a true statement about dissonance theory quizlethow do you know when a vape pen is charged? \text{Less: Accumulated Depreciation} & (150,000) & (80,000) \\ This fact illustrates the impact of _______ on conformity. B. initiation In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates. 1. On subjective, socially desirable, and common dimensions, most people: see themselves as better than the average person, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. Which class still showed a reduction in littering 2 weeks after the study ended? Threaten people's self concept in one domain, and they will compensate either by refocusing or by doing good deeds in some other domain. C. have the person consider disconfirming information This is consonance. However, only a few of her friends really notice her dyed hair. In reality, most members of his community do not notice whether Charlie contributes or not. \text{Accounts Payable} & \$152,500 & \$\hspace{6pt}35,000 \\ Can diet help improve depression symptoms? B. which of the following statements about cognitive dissonance is true? Samantha has recently filed harassment charges with the police. People have the greatest difficulty predicting _____________ of their future emotions. Avoiding, delegitimizing, and limiting the impact of cognitive dissonance may result in a person not acknowledging their behavior and thus not taking steps to resolve the dissonance. The relationship between your studying behavior and your attitude toward studying can best be described by which social psychological term? According to cognitive dissonance theory, in order to reduce dissonance after deciding to stay at home, Juan will likely, feel confident that he made the best decision; dorms are expensive and dirty anyway, According to Rosenfeld et al. You assume this is because he is lazy and disorganized. C. negativity bias The dissonance between two contradictory ideas, or between an idea and a behavior, creates discomfort. adam berg studio c wife; bhatti surname caste in punjab; spiritual meaning of choking on saliva; Published by on 17. Energy vampires are masters at creating dissonance in their relationships. + Researchers will ideally post their hypotheses publicly online Show transcribed image text Expert Answer 8 & 26.0 & 2.5 & 91 & 759 \\ After one month, you find that the people in the experimental group (who exercised three times a week on average) are significantly less depressed than the people in the control group (who exercised once a week on average). The theory behind this approach is that in order to resolve the dissonance, a persons implicit beliefs about their body and thinness will change, reducing their desire to limit their food intake. A. associate ourselves with a lack of hope and distance ourselves from pride Identify a characteristic that is most commonly identified with individualistic cultures, Belicia chooses a designated driver to drive her home whenever she goes out for a party. Ben's adjustment suggests that he has now adopted to his new: beliefs and feelings related to a person or an event. At December 31, 20X4, Professor reported accounts payable of $12,500 to Scholar, which reported an equal amount in its accounts receivable. In the context of social psychology, identify an example of hindsight bias. He fears that they would consider him an incompetent candidate. However, after a few weeks, he learned how to behave like a boss. In the context of social thinking, this scenario illustrates, While waiting to cross the street, you witness a man running a red lightcausing a three-car accident. You assign the first 50 people who are motivated to sign up to the experimental group, and the second group of 50 people, who sign up much later, to the control group. Which theory explains our conclusion that we must be nervous because we feel shaky, while forgetting that we just had two cups of strong coffee? Which of the following statements is true about predictors of behavior? In order to use the door-in-the-face technique effectively, Bill must, quote a high price first and reduce it later, Group members who feel attracted to the group are more responsive to its influence. \text { Attendance } Paco and Patricia are very different. A. triggering the class that was repeatedly congratulated for being neat and tidy. Samantha always gets lower grades than Samuel, her twin. _____. Sex and gender exist on spectrums. Ji woo wakes up one morning and feels happy and cheerful. Cognitive dissonance is not a mental health condition, and a person does not necessarily need treatment for it.