[54]. [14] [42] [43] [44], Making birth control pills OTC means they would no longer be covered by insurance and women would have to pay for them on their own. Plan B, the emergency contraception that uses the same active ingredient as the Pill, was made available over-the-counter in 2006. [64] Teens want their contraceptive use kept private and accessing birth control in the middle of a pharmacy where they might run into a neighbor or teacher could stop some teens from preventing pregnancy. If they are asking to be placed on birth control, you know they are thinking ahead and not wanting to destroy their future. Some are transgender or gender-nonconforming… The list goes on.” [63]. They’re both worthwhile goals, but one should not be held hostage to the other.” [31], Women can sort out for themselves whether hormonal birth control is right for them. Whether you’re studying times tables or applying to college, Classroom has the answers. [74] Some medical practitioners believe that pharmaceutical contraceptives in general are harmful because women are not as aware of their bodies or their natural cycles when taking synthetic hormones. On one hand, birth control prevents pregnancy; on the other, if teens are not educated by their parents, there is the possibility of irresponsible sexual activity. [49], Meanwhile, typical use of copper IUDs results in eight unintended pregnancies per 100 women after ten years of typical use, female sterilization results in five, the Levonorgestral IUD and male sterilization result in two, and hormonal implants result in just one. While more than half thought it was “a good idea” to require family planning clinics to get parents’ consent before prescribing birth control to minors, nearly all expected at least one negative consequence - such as higher rates of unprotected sex, pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers. [27] [28] [29], Alison Block, MD, physician, said: “My main philosophy as someone who provides reproductive health care is to trust women to make their own decisions. Pros: Cons: Long-term method of birth control (protects against pregnancy for 3 years after insertion–it can be removed by a health care provider when you want to or you can wait for 3 years when it’s time for a change of implant) Very effective against pregnancy; May cause light or no menstrual periods; Doesn’t protect against STIs Rice Myers received her master's degree in nursing from Upstate Medical University in 2001. [48] Kelly Cleland, MPA, MPH, Research Specialist at Columbia University stated, “When the generics [of Plan B] were about to go onto the shelves I thought there might be a price war that would push the cost down. [34] [35] [36] 78.7% of women said it was “extremely or quite important” that birth control be easily obtained. 60% of American women use some sort of contraception. It would ease the burden associated with the unwanted pregnancies to both the parents and the government.Many parents do not support abortion, and it is known that abortion has more adverse consequences as compared to the pills. I believe that teens should be aloud to get birth control without their parents consent because it would save a lot of teen pregnancies. [60] [61], When the Pill is available by prescription only, a doctor usually requires a well woman exam every one or three years in order to obtain or maintain a birth control prescription. In one study, 98% of women matched their doctors’ medical evaluations about whether they could use hormonal birth control. Some are transgender or gender-nonconforming. Should prescription drugs be advertised directly to consumers? of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control and sexual abstinence. Many of her articles have appeared in newspapers, as well as "Curing Epilepsy: Hope Through Research." School Uniforms – Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms? If the child is not given up for adoption, the responsibility typically falls on the parents of the teen girl, the parents of the baby's father, or both. Schools, Birth Control, and Parental Consent. Medical Marijuana – Should Marijuana Be a Medical Option? Olivia Alperstein, Communications and Policy Associate at Congressional Progressive Caucus Center, stated “The concept of over-the-counter birth control ignores the grim reality that not all people can just go to a pharmacy and easily purchase birth control. Some people say that allowing teenagers to get contraceptives without first telling a parent encourages them to become sexually active and that, conversely, requiring teenagers to tell their parents before they get birth control would discourage sexual activity. If birth control pills were available on pharmacy aisles, purchases would be public and subject to the judgment and gossip of anyone in sight. 10 states allow a minor to consent if the minor meets other requirements, including being a high school graduate, reaching a minimum age, demonstrating maturity or receiving a referral from a specified professional, such as a physician or member of the clergy. According to 4Parents.gov, one in three teens will become pregnant at least once before they are 20 years old. Why would you take that risk?” [59], If the Pill is prescribed, the doctor or pharmacist can tell the patient about any possible interactions and prevent bad drug combinations. [69] Some services deliver the birth control to the patient, eliminating the need to stop by a pharmacy. 5 states allow a minor who is a parent to consent. Additionally, these yearly exams are a good opportunity to check in with the doctor about general wellness and other preventative screenings. 5 states allow a minor who is or has ever been pregnant to consent to services. OTC Birth Control Pills. Jeffrey A Singer, MD, Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute, noted that moving birth control to OTC status could make the Pill less expensive by selling the drug directly to consumers rather than through third-party insurance companies that inflate the prices. 1. Allowing your teen access to birth control displays a level of responsibility on their part. 2. Birth control pills do have serious and sometimes fatal contraindications, meaning not every woman should take them. [45] The National Women’s Law Center estimates that 62.8 million women have birth control coverage with no out-of-pocket cost. Drug makers to date have little interest in going through the process to make a drug over-the-counter because it can take a long time and the costs are significant. [26], Hormonal birth control pills also reduce or prevent anemia, irregular or heavy menstrual cycles, bone thinning, endometriosis, fibroids, acne, ectopic pregnancies, breast and ovarian cysts, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), menstrual migraines, pelvic inflammatory disease, and infections in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. [66] A study found that 68% of women would use birth control if it were available via a pharmacist and 63% agreed the pharmacist consultation was an important step. [8] [9] The FDA has already indicated the safety of the drug by making Plan B available without prescription. Illegal Immigration – What Are the Solutions to Illegal Immigration in America? See disclaimer. [22], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated: “The most effective way to reduce abortion rates is to prevent unintended pregnancy by improving access to consistent, effective, and affordable contraception… [and a] strategy for improving access to contraception is to allow over-the-counter access to oral contraceptive pills.” [23] The Guttmacher Institute stated that “more and better contraceptive use” caused the 13% decline in abortion rates between 2008 and 2011. 5. This makes it difficult for teens to discuss sex with their parents. The FDA approved Enovid, the birth control pill on May 9, 1960 for contraceptive use, making it the first FDA-approved contraceptive drug and the first FDA-approved drug that does not treat an illness. There are permanent options for birth control if you are certain you do not want to conceive in the future. Further, at least 14% of women on the Pill are using the drug exclusively for noncontraceptive reasons, such as acne and irregular menstrual cycles. Women have been enjoying the benefits and advantages of the birth control pill since it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 9, 1960. Pros: Children are not always comfortable with discussing certain aspects of their lives with their parents. [38], Uninsured women may also save money by eliminating the insurance companies as middle-man. [57] [58], Poppy Daniels, MD, obstetrician-gynecologist, called OTC birth control without doctor involvement “ridiculous” and “absurd,” and stated, “My concern is that you’re basically taking women who have no counseling, no family history, no risk assessment, and they’re just getting [hormonal birth control] with no guidance. While some parents may not accept their children to use contraceptives, there is a discussion on whether the contraceptives should be availed to the teenagers who need them without the consent of the parents. Contraindications for birth control pills include women over 35 years old, women who smoke, who have a history of diabetes, heart disease, blood clots, cancer, stroke, liver disease, high blood pressure, migraines (and migraines with aura), or bladder disease. OTC birth control pills would also be more convenient, eliminating the need for a woman to make a doctor’s appointment, take time off work, and rearrange her schedule. Although statistics differ according to state, according to Guttmacher.org, some states have reported that 50 percent of pregnant teens receive an abortion. The recommendation that birth control be available over-the-counter supports what we know about Latinas and contraception: over-the-counter access will greatly reduce the systemic barriers, like poverty, immigration status and language, that currently prevent Latinas from regularly accessing birth control and results in higher rates of unintended pregnancy. On one hand, birth control prevents pregnancy; on the other, if teens are not educated by their parents, there is the possibility of irresponsible sexual activity. Insurance covers some of these prescriptions, and all that is generally required is a brief consultation to assess risks and appropriate medication, sometimes by video chat. When a drug is OTC, 49% of people get information about the drug from mass media, and only 27% contact their doctors with questions about OTC drugs. Patients face three- to six-month wait times for any primary care and even longer for specialty care… 11 of the state’s 33 counties have no obstetrics and gynecology physicians.” [3], Birth control can be difficult for many women to obtain, particularly teens, immigrants, women of color, and the uninsured. Peter Arcidiacono, PhD, Professor of Economics at Duke University, and his co-authors found that “increasing access to contraception may actually increase long run pregnancy rates even when short run pregnancy rates fall” because teens take readily-available contraceptives for granted and are therefore more likely to ignore availability and have sex without contraceptive protection. © 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Proponents say making the birth control pill available over-the-counter would lower teen pregnancy rates, provide contraceptive access to medically underserved women, and ease access to a health-improving drug with decades of safe use. [21], Krishna Upadhya, MD, MPH, physician, stated: “Decades of research show that a majority of adolescents initiate sex before the age of 18 and that earlier use of contraception reduces the risk of teen pregnancy. [32] The Border Contraceptive Access Study found that women who got the Pill OTC from a pharmacy in Mexico were adequately self-screening for contraindications. Typical use of the Pill results in nine unintended pregnancies out of 100 women after one year of use and increases steadily to 61 unintended pregnancies out of 100 after ten years of typical use. [17], Only 5% of unintended pregnancies have happened while the woman used effective birth control consistently. The issue appears to be particularly fraught in the 21 states where minors are allowed to have IUDs implanted without parental consent. Access to birth control can help reduce the number of teen abortions that take place each year. [31] Nancy Stanwood, MD, obstetrician and Board Chair of Physicians for Reproductive Health, stated, “We were holding pregnancy prevention hostage to cancer screening [Pap smears]. Mandatory National Service – Should the United States Have Mandatory National Service? [24], A majority of American women–54%–agree that having access to birth control has health benefits. Based on the Word Net lexical database for the English Language. The same survey found that 28% of women using no birth control and 32.7% of women using a less effective form of birth control would use OTC Pills, a market of about 11 million women. Recreational Marijuana – Should Recreational Marijuana Be Legal? Typical use of the Pill results in nine unintended pregnancies per 100 women after one year and increases steadily to 61 unintended pregnancies per 100 women after 10 years of typical use. Drugs Switched from Prescription to Over-the-Counter Status, Prescription Status of Birth Control Pills around the World. Some teens may mistakenly believe that they are at a lower risk of pregnancy just because they have access to OTC birth control, even though they may be taking it incorrectly. [46], Stuart O. Schweitzer, PhD, UCLA Professor of Health Policy and Management, stated that OTC is “more expensive to consumers than a prescribed drug that’s covered by insurance.” [47], Before Plan B emergency contraception went OTC, the drug cost about $12 for the brand name and $5 for the generic for women using Medicaid. The Pill is currently available by prescription only, and a debate has emerged about whether the birth control pill should be available over-the-counter (OTC), which means the Pill would be available along with other drugs such as Tylenol and Benadryl in drug store aisles. There are now instances of 13- and 14-year-old girls having babies--teens who are completely unprepared to give birth and raise a child. Classroom is the educational resource for people of all ages. After the drug became OTC, the cost increased to $50 for the brand name and $41 for the generic. The pill is actually one of the most researched and studied of all medications. Most women can safely use birth control pills, but pill use may carry some risks and/or side effects. In those states, a pharmacist is required to ask the patient a few questions, notes blood pressure and weight, and dispenses birth control from behind the pharmacy counter. There are many questions, pros, and cons to having birth control available over the counter accessible to anyone. Finally, a few states have no explicit policy on parental consent laws on the books but these states typically allow physicians to decide whether or not to allow birth control to minors without parental consent. Some are young and under a certain state’s law can’t purchase birth control without a parent’s consent. Lawmakers cannot change the status of a drug from prescription to OTC. Though it may take your breath away initially, before reacting, consider the fact that they have approached you with a level head. As a woman’s body changes so does her reaction to the pill. When teens are supported in their quest for birth control, they may feel as though they have a ticket for sexual freedom. The FDA-approved contraceptive methods that would not be available over-the-counter include IUDs (both copper and with progestin), the implantable rod, and shots such as Depo-Provera, plus sterilization procedures, all of which the FDA states are more effective than the Pill. [18] A study comparing Pill use between women who obtained Pills with a prescription from an El Paso, Texas, clinic and women who obtained Pills OTC from Mexico showed that the women who got Pills OTC were more likely to continuously use the medication. Many people may prefer to keep their contraceptive use between them and their doctors. [5], And other OTC drugs carry more serious risks: non-steroidal pain pills (NSAIDS) like ibuprofen can cause stomach bleeding; Sudafed can raise blood pressure; Tylenol can cause liver toxicity; antihistamines like Benadryl can worsen glaucoma and kidney disease; and diet pills can cause irregular heart beats and raise blood pressure. Most voters agree that it is outrageous to allow a child to undergo any surgical procedure, let alone an invasive, irreversible procedure such as an … [68], Women in some states can access birth control via an app or website from private companies. Uninsured women, about 11% of US women ages 19 to 64, paid $370 on average for a year’s worth of Pills (about $30.83 per month), which was 68% of their total healthcare spending for the year, and about 51 hours of work for someone making the federal minimum wage of $7.25 an hour. [1] A study found that women who received a one-year supply of Pills were 30% less likely to have an unplanned pregnancy and 46% less likely to have an abortion. [74], Journalist Sarah Elizabeth Richards points out, “Women visiting their pharmacists won’t have access to the most reliable forms of birth control on the market because those methods, such as implantable rods or intrauterine devices (IUDs), will still require a trip to a doctor’s office.” [75], And, even within birth control pill brands, choice will be limited. This answer, however, has pros and cons. Last modified on November 15, 2018. ProCon.org. Each of these are 99%-100% effective. Animal Testing – Should Animals Be Used for Scientific or Commercial Testing? Teens in a variety of circumstances would be affected if required to obtain parental consent for contraception: A young woman seeking contraception from a clinic—birth control pills, DepoProvera, diaphragm—would be forced to obtain parental permission ; A minor who buys condoms at a pharmacy could be turned away without parental consent Of 135 countries for which data are available, 96 countries representing 80.33% of the global population have OTC birth control access. The idea that they have to [have a] conversation with a doctor to decide which method is best for them seems overly paternalistic and unnecessary.” [30], Often, doctors will only prescribe birth control pills once a patient has visited and had a pelvic exam. A lot of teens do not go to their parents because they are too scared of being disowned when their parent or guardian finds out that he or she is having sex. [64] But, 99% of those teens would continue having sex. [20], Teens may be more likely to use OTC birth control because taking the Pill is a daily routine and is not tied to the emotional pressure attached to sex the way using a condom is. This answer, however, has pros and cons. [55] [56] This lack of communication and lack of awareness of contraindications can put women at risk. [1] [2] The Pill carries no risk of overdose or addiction. [33], 62.2% of women surveyed indicated that they were in favor of OTC Pills. At the federal level, the Title X Family Planning Program issues grants to clinics across the country that provide family planning and related preventive health services.2 Adolescents who receive care at one of these federally funded facilities are not required to have their parents’ or guardians’ consent to obtain hormonal contraceptives or other preconception healthcare services.3 The clinic is not permitted to notify the minor’s parents or guardians about the services received.3Additionally, the Health Insurance Portabi… 3. The examination generally includes a pap smear (the test for cervical cancer that may be combined with HPV screening), a breast exam, and pelvic exam that, among other things, screens for ovarian cancer and STIs. [12] [13], Denicia Cadena, Policy Director for Young Women United in New Mexico, stated: “Our rural communities are most profoundly impacted by our state’s health care and provider shortages. [39] [40], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) stated: “ACOG has long supported over-the-counter access to oral contraceptives. [66] [67] The birth control in these cases is covered by insurance. Some face religious and social backlash for buying pills in full view of their pharmacist and people from their community… Some are young and under a certain state’s law can’t purchase birth control without a parent’s consent. Parents need to educate their teens about other forms of protection, such as condoms, that they may need to use in conjunction with certain types of birth control, including the pill and the patch. Not only is this a costly procedure, it is also emotionally and physically painful, and can be detrimental to teens' health. [6] [7] Eve Espey, MD, MPH, Professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of New Mexico, stated, “Nonsteroidal medicines kill far more people than birth-control pills.” [6]. ], [Editor’s Note: The MLA citation style requires double spacing within entries. Since 1976, more than 90 drugs have switched from prescription to OTC status, including Sudafed (1976), Advil (1984), Rogaine (1996), Prilosec (2003), and Allegra (2011). Should all Americans have the right (be entitled) to health care? All rights reserved. Drugs that can interfere with birth control pills include the antibiotic rifampin, many anti-HIV drugs, some anti-fungal medications, some anti-seizure drugs, the stimulant modafinil, many drugs to treat epilepsy, some medications for bipolar disorder, and many herbal remedies including flaxseed and St. John’s wort. Though the subject may be considered debatable, there is a possible answer to this problem and that is allowing teens access to birth control. Regardless of your own emotions, give them the same respect they have given you as a parent. [49], Robin Marty, health writer, noted that because the more effective options “would require a doctor’s visit and the Pill would just require a trip to the store, women may be inclined to use less effective contraception for the sake of convenience.” [50], The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated, “adolescents need special attention at every visit for contraceptive services, including comprehensive counseling about sexuality, sexually transmitted disease and emergency contraception.” [51]. Remember, it took courage for them to approach you and ask you to help them secure their birth control. [11] In underserved communities, women could more easily find a local drug store for medication. These obstacles resulted in a 35% increase in contraceptives not being used. Here are the proper bibliographic citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): [Editor's Note: The APA citation style requires double spacing within entries. Background. California, Maryland, and DC even allow 12-month supplies to be dispensed at once, which has been found to reduce unintended pregnancies by 30% and the odds of an abortion by 46%. 4. Of those, 9.1 million (12.6% of contraceptive users) use birth control pills, which are the second most commonly used method of contraception in the United States after female sterilization (aka tubal ligation or “getting your tubes tied”). While most birth control methods require the girl to take action, boys should take responsibility, too. Gun Control – Should More Gun Control Laws Be Enacted? [70] [71] [72]. One reason teenage girls should be allowed to receive birth control and contraceptives without the consent of their parents is because some child to parent relationships aren’t as strong as they need to be, and communication between both parties are not always existing. In fact, in public schools and emergency rooms, parents must give consent before their child can be treated with so much as an aspirin. Teenage girls can access birth control in some clinics [3], According to Bedsider, a nonprofit online birth control network run by doctors, “As medications go, the pill is very safe—safer than having a baby, driving, smoking, or taking daily aspirin.” [4] Joe Speidel, MD, MPH, Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences at Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health explains that pregnancy has a mortality rate about the same as car accidents–one in 8,300–while the risk of dying from birth control is about one in 1,667,000, about the same as dying from being struck by lightning. They predict that if the parents' right to know prevails over the adolescents' right to privacy, the teen-agers will simply abandon birth control and become pregnant in vastly increasing numbers. [10], Twenty million women live in “contraception deserts,” places with one clinic or fewer per 1,000 women who need government-funded birth control from programs such as Medicare. Of the 72.2 million American women of reproductive age, 64.9% use a contraceptive. [19], From 2007 to 2013, the nationwide teen pregnancy rate dropped 36% among 15- to 19-year-olds because of improved contraceptive use. The ability of people younger than 18 (generally, the legal definition of a minor) to consent to a range of sensitive health care services—including sexual and reproductive health care, mental health services, and alcohol and drug abuse treatment—has expanded dramatically over the … Even though birth control issues remain as a controversial topic from the early 18th century to now, the debate between Margaret Sanger and Winter Russel on the pros and cons of providing information about birth control strategies for the public was a foundation stone for today’s family planning policies and regulation of transmission of venereal disease in the United States of America. Educational resource for people of all ages be politically controversial, it took courage for to... Teen pregnancies with no out-of-pocket cost the drugs less expensive 99 % of the global population OTC... Contraindications, meaning not every woman should take responsibility, too do have serious sometimes... 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